Four swab materials were evaluated for their efficiency in recovery of Bacillus anthracis spores from steel coupons.Cotton, macrofoam, polyester, and rayon swabs were used to sample coupons inoculated with a spore suspension of known concentration.Three methods of processing for fuchsia velvet tablecloth the removal of spores from the swabs (vortex
Advocacy around mass treatment for the elimination of selected Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTDs) has typically put the cost per person treated at less than US$ 0.50.Whilst useful for advocacy, the focus on a single number misrepresents the complexity of delivering "free" donated medicines to about a billion people across the world.We perform a lit
Water inrush is one of the most frequent and catastrophic hazards in tunnel engineering, and poses serious threats to the safety of engineering and personnel.This paper presents a case study of a water inrush and ground collapse in the Qingdao Metro Line 4, which caused a cave-in with the diameter and depth of about 30 m and 6 m, respectively.Based